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• If you wish to debug a request sent by Postman, all you need to do is add XDEBUGSESSIONSTART=PHPSTORM as a key-value pair to the request body and start the debug config as you would when debugging via Chrome.
• The following video describes how to debug PHP applications using PHP Xdebug extension and PHPStorm.The video describes this on Windows Xampp installation, b.
• When requesting from POSTMAN just add. To the query string and PHPStorm will catch the debug session.

Environment This blog post describes step by step tutorial to debug PHP applications with Visual Studio Code using XDebug extension on localhost. Mine environment has: Wampserver 3.1.0 32 bit x86 Apache 2.4.27 – PHP 5.6.31 MySQL 5.7.19 Visual Studio Code 1.20.1 XDebug 2. If you wish to debug a request sent by Postman, all you need to do is add XDEBUGSESSIONSTART=PHPSTORM as a key-value pair to the request body and start the debug config as you would when debugging via Chrome.

Xdebug allows you to log all function calls, including parameters and return values to a file in different formats.

Those so-called 'function traces' can be a help for when you are new to anapplication or when you are trying to figure out what exactly is going on whenyour application is running. The function traces can optionally also show thevalues of variables passed to the functions and methods, and also returnvalues. In the default traces those two elements are not available.

Output Formats #

There are three output formats. One is meant as a human readable trace, anotherone is more suited for computer programs as it is easier to parse, and the lastone uses HTML for formatting the trace. You can switch between the twodifferent formats with the xdebug.trace_format setting. There are a few settingsthat control which information is written to the trace files. There aresettings for including variable assignments (xdebug.collect_assignments) and forincluding return values (xdebug.collect_return) for example. The example belowshows what effect the different settings have for the human readable functiontraces.

The Script

The Results

A typical output without the xdebug.collect_return orxdebug.collect_assignments features turned on is the following trace:

There are a number of settings that affect the output of trace files.

To show the return values of all function and method calls,turn on the xdebug.collect_return and xdebug.collect_assignments settings.

The default format is meant for consumption by humans. It is also possible togenerate a tab separated trace by setting xdebug.trace_format to 1.

The Xdebug source distribution has a scriptthat can be used to run some minimal analyses on these files.

VIM syntax file #

Xdebug ships with a VIM syntax file that syntax highlights the trace files:xt.vim. In order to make VIM recognise this new format you need to perform thefollowing steps:

1. Copy the xt.vim file to ~/.vim/syntax
2. Edit, or create, ~/.vim/filetype.vim and add the following lines:

With those settings made an opened trace file looks like:

Folding also sorta works so you can use zc and zo to fold awayparts of the trace files.

Related Settings and Functions

• booleanxdebug.collect_assignments = false
• booleanxdebug.collect_return = false
• stringxdebug.log =
• integerxdebug.log_level = 7
• stringxdebug.mode = develop
• stringxdebug.output_dir = /tmp
• stringxdebug.start_with_request = default
• integerxdebug.trace_format = 0
• integerxdebug.trace_options = 0
• stringxdebug.trace_output_name = trace.%c
• stringxdebug.trigger_value = '
• integerxdebug.var_display_max_children = 128
• integerxdebug.var_display_max_data = 512
• integerxdebug.var_display_max_depth = 3

• xdebug_get_tracefile_name() : mixed
• xdebug_info() : void
• xdebug_start_trace() : ?string
• xdebug_stop_trace() : false|string

Settings

boolean xdebug.collect_assignments = false#

This setting, defaulting to 0, controls whether Xdebug should addvariable assignments to function traces. Assign-by-var (=&)assignments are included too.

boolean xdebug.collect_return = false#

This setting, defaulting to 0, controls whether Xdebug should write thereturn value of function calls to the trace files.

string xdebug.log = #

Configures Xdebug's log file.

Xdebug will log to this file all file creations issues, Step Debuggingconnection attempts, failures, and debug communication.

Enable this functionality by setting the value to a absolute path. Make surethat the system user that PHP runs at (such as www-data if you arerunning with Apache) can create and write to the file.

The file is opened in append-mode,and will therefore not be overwritten by default. There is no concurrencyprotection available.

The log file will include any attempt that Xdebugmakes to connect to an IDE:

It includes the opening time (2020-09-02 07:19:09.616195), theIP/Hostname and port Xdebug is trying to connect to(localhost:9003), and whether it succeeded (Connected toclient :-)). The number in brackets ([2693358]) is theProcess ID.

It includes:

[2693358]

process ID in brackets

2020-09-02 07:19:09.616195

opening time

For Step Debugging:

For Profiling:

For Function Trace:

All warnings and errors are described on the Description of errors page, withdetailed instructions on how to resolve the problem, if possible. All errors are always logged throughPHP's internal logging mechanism (configured with error_login php.ini). All warnings and errors also show up in thediagnostics log that you can view by calling xdebug_info().

Step Debugger Communication

The debugging log can also log the communication between Xdebug and an IDE.This communication is in XML, and starts with the <init XMLelement:

The fileuri attribute lists the entry point of yourapplication, which can be useful to compare to breakpoint_setcommands to see if path mappings are set-up correctly.

Beyond the <init element, you will find the configuration offeatures:

And continuation commands:

You can read about DBGP - A common debugger protocol specification at its dedicated documation page.

The xdebug.log_level setting controls how much information islogged.

Note: Many Linux distributions now use systemd, whichimplements private tmp directories. This means that when PHPis run through a web server or as PHP-FPM, the /tmp directory isprefixed with something akin to:

This setting can additionally be configured through theXDEBUG_CONFIGenvironment variable.

integer xdebug.log_level = 7#

Configures which logging messages should be added to the log file.

The log file is configured with the xdebug.log setting.

The following levels are supported:

Criticals, errors, and warnings always show up in thediagnostics log that you can view by calling xdebug_info().

Criticals and errors are additionally logged throughPHP's internal logging mechanism (configured with error_login php.ini).

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This setting can additionally be configured through theXDEBUG_CONFIGenvironment variable.

string xdebug.mode = develop#

This setting controls which Xdebug features are enabled.

This setting can only be set in php.ini orfiles like 99-xdebug.ini that are read when a PHP process starts(directly, or through php-fpm), but not in .htaccess and.user.ini files, which are read per-request.

The following values are accepted:

off

Nothing is enabled. Xdebug does no work besides checking whetherfunctionality is enabled. Use this setting if you want close to 0overhead.

develop

Enables Development Aids including the overloaded var_dump().

coverage

Enables Code Coverage Analysis to generate code coverage reports, mainly incombination withPHPUnit.

debug

Enables Step Debugging. This can be used to step through your code while itis running, and analyse values of variables.

gcstats

Enables Garbage Collection Statistics to collect statistics about PHP's GarbageCollection Mechanism.

profile

Enables Profiling, with which you can analyse performance bottleneckswith tools like KCacheGrind.

trace

Enables the Function Trace feature, which allows you record every functioncall, including arguments, variable assignment, and return value that is madeduring a request to a file.

You can enable multiple modes at the same time by comma separating theiridentifiers as value to xdebug.mode: xdebug.mode=develop,trace.

You can also set the mode by setting the XDEBUG_MODE environmentvariable on the command-line; this will take precedence over the xdebug.mode setting, but will no change the value of the xdebug.mode setting.

string xdebug.output_dir = /tmp#

The directory where Xdebug will write tracing, profiling, and garbagecollection statistics to. This directory needs to be writable for the systemuser with which PHP is running.

This setting can be changed in php.ini, .htaccess(and equivalent files), and within a PHP file with ini_set().

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In some cases (when profiling, or whenxdebug.start_with_request=yes with tracing), Xdebugcreates the file before the script runs. In that case, changes made throughini_set() will not be taken into account.

This setting can additionally be configured through theXDEBUG_CONFIGenvironment variable.

string xdebug.start_with_request = default#

A Function Trace, Garbage Collection Statistics, Profiling, or Step Debuggingcan be activated at the start of a PHP request. Whether this happens depends onthe value of this setting:

The functionality starts when the PHP request starts, and before any PHPcode is run.

For example xdebug.mode=trace andxdebug.start_with_request=yes starts a Function Trace for thewhole request.

The functionality does not get activated when the request starts.

You can still start a Function Trace with xdebug_start_trace(), Step Debugging with xdebug_break(), or Garbage Collection Statistics with xdebug_start_gcstats().

The functionality only gets activated when a specific trigger is presentwhen the request starts.

The name of the trigger is XDEBUG_TRIGGER, and Xdebug checksfor its presence in either $_ENV (environment variable),$_GET or $_POST variable, or $_COOKIE(HTTP cookie name).

There is also a legacy fallback to a functionality specific trigger name:XDEBUG_PROFILE (for Profiling), XDEBUG_TRACE(for a Function Trace), and XDEBUG_SESSION (forStep Debugging).

Debug session management for Step Debugging is alsoavailable through XDEBUG_SESSION_START.

With xdebug.trigger_value you can control which specific trigger value willactivate the trigger. If xdebug.trigger_value is set to an emptystring, any value will be accepted.

The default value depends on xdebug.mode:

• debug: trigger
• gcstats: no
• profile: yes
• trace: trigger

integer xdebug.trace_format = 0#

The format of the trace file.

Fields for the computerized format:

See the introduction for Function Trace for a few examples.

integer xdebug.trace_options = 0#

When set to '1' the trace files will be appended to, instead ofbeing overwritten in subsequent requests.

string xdebug.trace_output_name = trace.%c#

This setting determines the name of the file that is used to dumptraces into. The setting specifies the format with format specifiers, verysimilar to sprintf() and strftime(). There are several format specifiersthat can be used to format the file name. The '.xt' extension is always addedautomatically.

The possible format specifiers are:

² This one is only available for trace file names since Xdebug 2.6.

³ New in version 2.2. This one is set by Apache's mod_unique_id module

string xdebug.trigger_value = '#

This setting can be used when xdebug.start_with_request is set totrigger, which is the default for Step Debugging and Function Trace.

In trigger mode, Xdebug will only start itsfunctionality when the XDEBUG_TRIGGER is set in the environment,or when the XDEBUG_TRIGGER GET, POST, or COOKIE variable isset.

The legacy names XDEBUG_SESSION (for Step Debugging),XDEBUG_PROFILE (for Profiling), and XDEBUG_TRACE(for Function Trace) can also be used instead of XDEBUG_TRIGGER.

Normally, Xdebug does not look at which value is actually used. If thissetting is set to a non-empty string, then Xdebug will only trigger if thevalue matches the value of this setting.

With the following settings:

Xdebug's profiler will only start when either the environment variableXDEBUG_TRIGGER is set to StartProfileForMe, the GETor POST variable XDEBUG_TRIGGER is set toStartProfileForMe, or when the cookie XDEBUG_TRIGGERhas the value StartProfileForMe.

See also:

xdebug.start_with_request#trigger

For how the triggering mechanism works, and which environment and server variables Xdebug acts on.

integer xdebug.var_display_max_children = 128#

Controls the amount of array children and object's properties are shownwhen variables are displayed with either xdebug_var_dump(),xdebug.show_local_vars or when making a Function Trace.

To disable any limitation, use -1 as value.

This setting does not have any influence on the number of children that issend to the client through the Step Debugging feature.

integer xdebug.var_display_max_data = 512#

Controls the maximum string length that is shownwhen variables are displayed with either xdebug_var_dump(),xdebug.show_local_vars or when making a Function Trace.

To disable any limitation, use -1 as value.

This setting does not have any influence on the number of children that issend to the client through the Step Debugging feature.

integer xdebug.var_display_max_depth = 3#

Controls how many nested levels of array elements and object properties arewhen variables are displayed with either xdebug_var_dump(),xdebug.show_local_vars or when making a Function Trace.

The maximum value you can select is 1023. You can also use -1 asvalue to select this maximum number.

This setting does not have any influence on the number of children that issend to the client through the Step Debugging feature.

Setting the value to a high number could potentially result inPHP using up all the available memory, so use with caution.

Functions

xdebug_get_tracefile_name() : mixed#

Returns the name of the file which is used to trace the output of this script to, or null if tracing is not active. This is useful when the trace was started automatically because xdebug.start_with_request was set to yes.

xdebug_info() : void#

This function returns an HTML page which shows diagnostic information. It is analogous to PHP's phpinfo() function.

The HTML output includes which mode is active, what the settings are, and diagnostic information in case there are problems with debugging connections, opening of files, etc.

Each warning and error in the diagnostics log also links through to the Description of errors documentation page.

xdebug_start_trace( ?string $traceFile = null, int $options = 0 ) : ?string#

Start tracing function calls from this point to the file in the $trace_file parameter. If no filename is given, then the trace file will be placed in the directory as configured by the xdebug.output_dir setting.

In case a file name is given as first parameter, the name is relative to the current working directory. This current working directory might be different than you expect it to be, so please use an absolute path in case you specify a file name. Use the PHP function getcwd() to figure out what the current working directory is.

The name of the trace file is {$trace_file}.xt. If the trace was started at the beginning of the request because xdebug.start_with_request is set to yes, then the filename depends on the xdebug.trace_output_name setting.

The options parameter is a bitfield; currently there are three options:

The options parameter is a bitfield; currently there are three options:

XDEBUG_TRACE_APPEND (1)

makes the trace file open in append mode rather than overwrite mode

XDEBUG_TRACE_COMPUTERIZED (2)

creates a trace file with the format as described under 1 'xdebug.trace_format'.

XDEBUG_TRACE_HTML (4)

creates a trace file as an HTML table

XDEBUG_TRACE_NAKED_FILENAME (8)

Normally, Xdebug always adds '.xt' to the end of the filename that you pass in as first argument to this function. With the XDEBUG_TRACE_NAKED_FILENAME flag set, '.xt' is not added.

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The settings xdebug.collect_assignments and xdebug.collect_return influence what information is logged to the trace file and the setting xdebug.trace_format influences the format of the trace file.

The full path and filename to which Xdebug traces is returned from this function. This will be either the filename you pass in (potentially with '.xt' added), or the auto generated filename if no filename has been passed in.

xdebug_stop_trace() : false|string#

Stop tracing function calls and closes the trace file.

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The function returns the filename of the file where the trace was written to.

Besides interactive debugging, PhpStorm integration with Xdebug also supports profiling. PhpStorm provides visual representation of profiling data generated by Xdebug. You can select several snapshots at a time and collect the aggregated profiling information.

Before profiling with Xdebug, download, install and configure the components of the PHP development environment. Normally, these are a PHP engine, a web server, and the Xdebug tool.

Enable profiling with Xdebug

Configure Xdebug

1. Download and install the Xdebug tool.

2. Integrate Xdebug with the PHP engine.

3. Integrate Xdebug with PhpStorm.

Enable the Xdebug profiler

1. Open the active php.ini file in the editor:

   1. In the Settings/Preferences dialog Ctrl+Alt+S, click PHP.

   2. On the PHP page that opens, click next to the CLI Interpreter field.

   3. In the CLI Interpreters dialog that opens, the Configuration file read-only field shows the path to the active php.ini file. Click Open in Editor.

2. Do one of the following:

   • To permanently enable the profiler, set the xdebug.profiler_enable (for Xdebug 2) or xdebug.mode (for Xdebug 3) directive:

   • To enable triggering the profiler from the browser by using the XDEBUG_PROFILE cookie or a GET/POST parameter, set the following directives depending on the Xdebug version used:

     xdebug.profiler_enable = 0; xdebug.profiler_enable_trigger = 1;

     xdebug.mode = profile; xdebug.start_with_request = trigger;

Configure the way to toggle the profiler from the browser

To specify the XDEBUG_PROFILE cookie or a GET/POST parameter, do one of the following:

• Specify the values manually.

• Generate the bookmarklets to toggle the debugger through. These bookmarklets will appear on the toolbar of your browser. They provide control over the debugger cookie, through them you will activate and deactivate the debugger.

  1. Enable the Bookmarks toolbar in your browser by doing one of the following depending on the browser type: D&m holdings sound cards & media devices driver download for windows.

     • In Firefox, choose View | Toolbar | Bookmarks Toolbar.

     • In Chrome, choose Bookmarks | Show bookmarks bar.

  2. In the Settings/Preferences dialog Ctrl+Alt+S, navigate to PHP | Debug.

  3. On the Debug page, that opens, click the Use debugger bookmarklets to initiate debugger from your favorite browser link.

  4. On the Zend Debugger & Xdebug bookmarklets page that opens, check the debugging engine settings and click Generate. The bookmarks for listed debugging-related actions are generated.

  5. Drag the generated links to the bookmark toolbar in your browser.

Specify the location for storing accumulated profiling data

1. Open the active php.ini file in the editor:

   1. In the Settings/Preferences dialog Ctrl+Alt+S, click PHP.

   2. On the PHP page that opens, click next to the CLI Interpreter field.

   3. In the CLI Interpreters dialog that opens, the Configuration file read-only field shows the path to the active php.ini file. Click Open in Editor.

2. Define location for accumulating profiling snapshots by specifying the xdebug.profiler_output_dir (for Xdebug 2) or xdebug.output_dir (for Xdebug 3) directive.

   xdebug.profiler_output_dir = '<path to output folder>'

3. Specify the name of the file to store snapshots in through the value of the xdebug.profiler_output_name directive. The default name is cachegrind.out.%p, where %p is the name format specifier. Accept the default name or define a custom one in compliance with the following standard:

   1. The name should always be cachegrind.out.

   2. Use the supported format specifiers.

Analyze Xdebug profiling data

When integration with Xdebug profiler is enabled, PhpStorm provides visual representation of profiler snapshots. PhpStorm opens a separate editor tab with four views where the data are presented based on different criteria.

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Initiate an Xdebug debugging session

Do one of the following:

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• To start debugging an entire application, create debug configuration of the type PHP Web Page, and launch debugging by clicking .

  See Debug with a PHP web page debug configuration for details.

• To debug a specific PHP HTTP request, define a debug configuration of the type PHP HTTP Request, and launch debugging by clicking .

  See Debug a PHP HTTP request for details.

• To initiate a zero-configuration debugging session:

  1. Toggle the Start Listen PHP Debug Connections button on the PhpStorm toolbar so that it changes to . After that PhpStorm starts listening to the port of the debugging engine used in the current project. Debugging ports are set at the PhpStorm level on the PHP | Debug page of the Settings/Preferences dialog Ctrl+Alt+S.

  2. Open the starting page of your application in the browser, choose the Start debugger bookmark to activate the debugging engine from the browser, re-load the current page (the starting page of the application), and then return to PhpStorm.

Retrieve the data accumulated by the profiler

1. From the main menu, choose Tools | Analyze Xdebug Profiler Snapshot.

2. In the Select Xdebug profiler snapshot dialog, that opens, choose the folder and the file where the profiling data is stored.

   PhpStorm presents the collected profiling data in a separate editor tab with the name of the selected profiler output file.

Examine the profiling data

When you request on the accumulated profiling data, PhpStorm opens its visualized presentation in a separate editor tab. The tab is named after the selected profiler output file and consists of several views. Switch between the views to analyze the profiling data based on various criteria of analysis.

• In the Execution Statistics view, examine the summary information about execution metrics of every called function.

• In the Call Tree view, explore the execution paths of all called functions.

• To explore the execution paths of a specific function, select the function in the Call Tree view and view its callees in the Callees view.

• To explore all the paths that can result in calling a specific function, select the function in the Call Tree view and examine its possible callers in the Callers view.